The skin
The skin is the largest organ of the body, with a
total area of about 20 square feet. The skin protects us against microbes and
the elements, helps regulate body temperature, and allows the sensations of
touch, heat and cold.
The skin has three layers:
The epidermis, the outer layer of the skin, is a
water-tight barrier and creates tone of our skin.
The dermis beneath the epidermis, contains the hard
connective tissue, hair follicles and sweat glands.
The deep subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis) is made of
fat and connective tissue.
The skin color is created by special cells called
melanocytes, which produce the pigment melanin. Melanocytes are located in the
epidermis.
Skin diseases
Rash: Almost any change in the appearance of the skin
can be called a rash. Most eruptions are simple skin irritation; others result
from medical conditions.
Dermatitis: A general term for inflammation of the
skin. Atopic dermatitis (a type of eczema) is the most common form.
Eczema skin inflammation (dermatitis) causing an itchy
rash. Most often it is due to an overactive immune system.
Psoriasis: An autoimmune disease that can cause a
variety of skin rashes. Money, scaly patches on the skin are the most common
form.
Dandruff: A flaky scalp condition can be caused by
seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, eczema or.
Acne: The most common skin condition, acne affects
over 85% of people at some point in life.
Cellulite: inflammation of the dermis and subcutaneous
tissue, usually due to an infection. A red, painful rash often hot, skin
generally results.
skin abscess (boil or carbuncle): A localized
infection of the skin creates a collection of pus under the skin. Some
abscesses should be opened and emptied by a doctor to be healed.
Rosacea: A chronic skin condition that causes a red
rash on the face. Rosacea may resemble acne, and is poorly understood.
Warts: A virus infects the skin and causes the skin to
grow too, creating a wart. Warts can be treated at home with chemicals, tape,
or frost, or removed by a doctor.
Melanoma: The most dangerous type of skin cancer,
melanoma results from sun damage and other causes. A skin biopsy can identify
melanoma.
Basal cell carcinoma: The most common type of skin
cancer. Basal cell carcinoma is less dangerous than melanoma because it grows
and spreads more slowly.
Seborrheic keratosis: a benign tumor, often itchy,
which appears as a wart "stuck on". Seborrheic keratoses can be
removed by a doctor, so embarrassing.
Actinic keratosis: a crusty or scaly bump that forms
on the skin exposed to sunlight. Actinic keratoses can sometimes develop into
cancer.
Squamous cell carcinoma: A common form of skin cancer,
squamous cell carcinoma may begin as an ulcer that does not heal, or abnormal
growth. It usually develops in areas exposed to the sun.
Herpes viruses HSV-1 and HSV-2 infection can cause
periodic blisters or irritation of the skin around the lips or genitals.
Hives: air, itchy red patches on the skin that occur
suddenly. Hives usually result from an allergic reaction.
Tinea versicolor: A fungal infection of benign skin
creates pale areas of low pigmentation on the skin.
Viral Exantham: Many viral infections can cause a red
rash that affects large areas of the skin. This is especially common in
children.
Shingles (herpes zoster) caused by the varicella
virus, shingles is a painful rash on one side of the body. A new vaccine adult
can prevent shingles in most people.
Gale: tiny mites that burrow into the cause scabies
skin. An intense itching rash in the souls of fingers, wrists, elbows, and
buttocks is typical of scabies.
Ringworm:
A fungal infection of the skin (also called ringworm). The rings features it
creates are not due to wormshttp://bit.ly/1IhY9eP
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